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br Other mechanisms In vitamin B
2022-03-23
Other mechanisms In vitamin B6 deficiency, antibody production may be indirectly impaired [38]. Grindley et al. [4] showed that high dietary intake of vitamin B6 (74.3 mg PN/kg diet) suppresses herpes simplex virus type 2 transformed cell-induced tumor growth and enhances immune status compared w
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Here we used Drosophila and mouse models
2022-03-23
Here, we used Drosophila and mouse models to address the biological function of RALs in the adult intestine. Our results demonstrate a conserved in vivo role for RALs in ISC function during tissue homeostasis and regeneration. ISCs lacking RALs were at a disadvantage compared to wild-type neighbors.
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br Conclusion In conclusion we showed that apoptosis is
2022-03-23
Conclusion In conclusion, we showed that apoptosis is involved in etoposide-induced pancreatic β-cell cytotoxicity. More importantly, as shown in Fig. 6, the results of this study demonstrated that etoposide induces pancreatic β-cell death via the JNK/ERK activation-mediated GSK-3 downstream-trig
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br Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus HIV is a retrov
2022-03-23
Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system, such as CD4+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic Stiripentol (Clapham and McKnight, 2001). HIV directly and indirectly destroys CD4+ T cells, which leads to severe imm
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IFN-gamma, murine recombinant synthesis The differentially e
2022-03-22
The differentially expressed proteins during somatic embryogenesis are described as the proteins that are induced by oxidative stress and respond to higher cell division activity including ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione transferase and mitochondrial manganese superoxid
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calcitriol hormone br Treatment KD is currently the treatmen
2022-03-22
Treatment KD is currently the treatment of choice for GLUT1-DS. It is a high-fat, carbohydrate-restricted diet that mimics the metabolic state of fasting; so, the KD relies an exogenous rather than body fat for ketone production, thus maintaining ketosis without weight loss. As the developing br
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In prostate cancer PCa glucose metabolism plays
2022-03-22
In prostate cancer (PCa), glucose metabolism plays a major role in progression [14]. Androgens can activate the metabolic regulator AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), promoting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) [15]. Besides, androgens increase GLUT1 [16], which overproduction has been described in the m
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The findings in this study
2022-03-22
The findings in this study may represent an example of a more general phenomenon, namely that the exquisite specificity of the G protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological actions of the hbv family hormones in mammals may have arisen relatively late in evolution. In non-mammalian vert
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The overall decrease in consummatory drive seen in rodents t
2022-03-22
The overall decrease in consummatory drive seen in rodents treated with naltrexone in previous studies is in accordance with the effects seen with mice treated with SNAP 37889 in this study. While it may seem inappropriate to use a broad-acting drug like SNAP 37889 that suppresses overall consummato
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br The Farnesoid X receptor FXR identification and ligands
2022-03-22
The Farnesoid X receptor (FXR): identification and ligands The Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) belongs to a family of proteins called Nuclear Receptors (NRs). NRs are a class of ligand-activated transcription factors, which transactivate networks of target genes, thereby mediating a wide range of phys
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FPR ligands comprise structurally very diverse classes
2022-03-22
FPR ligands comprise structurally very diverse ion channel of compounds, ranging from naturally occurring peptides/proteins or “danger signals” such as PAMPs and DAMPs (see 1.1), respectively, to endogenous lipids and even various synthetic non-peptides, such as benzimidazoles, pyrazolones, pyridaz
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br Declaration of interest br Acknowledgments br
2022-03-22
Declaration of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the Polish National Science Centre (PRELUDIUM grant no. 2013/11/N/NZ5/00270) and the European Commission FP7 Project Beta-JUDO (grant number 279 153), European Union EIT Health project DeTecT2D, Swedish Diabetes A
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Autophagy plays a multifaceted role in regulating both
2022-03-22
Autophagy plays a multifaceted role in regulating both the quality and quantity of protein (e.g., protein half-life and activity) and organelles (e.g., mitochondrial number and function), thus determining cell fate [15]. The induction of autophagy has been generally considered a programmed cell surv
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FXa is a vitamin K
2022-03-22
FXa is a vitamin K-dependent serine protease consisting of two chains linked by a disulfide bridge. The heavy chain contains 303 Temafloxacin hydrochloride australia and the light chain has 139 amino acids. The catalytic triad comprised of Ser195, His57, and Asp102 exhibits the trypsin-like β-barr
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The replenishment time course of already tethered
2022-03-22
The replenishment time course of already-tethered vesicle to became release ready, was examined by TIRFM imaging combined with calcium uncaging. By UV-flash photolysis of caged calcium, intracellular calcium concentration raises rapidly and homogenously throughout the cell (Ellis-Davies, 2008). Upo
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