• After activation AKT phosphorylates target proteins involved

  2021-08-16

  

  After activation, AKT phosphorylates target proteins involved in cell growth, metabolism and survival (Manning and Cantley, 2007). For example, AKT phosphorylates the pro-apoptotic protein BAD, preventing it from binding to and inactivating Bcl-xL in mitochondria (Datta et al., 1997). In turn, Bcl-x

• br Introduction Hydrogen sulfide H S and

  2021-08-16

  

  Introduction Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) are important gasotransmitters in the cardiovascular system and instrumental to the fine control of vascular tone [1] and cellular function [2]. NO is synthesized from l-arginine by calmodulin-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e

• atp 4 mg OxLDL down regulates eNOS and up

  2021-08-16

  

  OxLDL down-regulates eNOS and up-regulates iNOS, thereby augmenting the formation of NO and protein S-nitrosylation in human endothelial atp 4 mg [26]. Importantly, iNOS-mediated S-nitrosylation plays an increasingly significant role in cardiovascular diseases [34]. For example, iNOS-mediated IRE1α

• br Introduction The identification of genetic variants that

  2021-08-16

  

  Introduction The identification of genetic variants that influence susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD) determines functional studies, the generation of model systems and directs therapeutic strategies. To date, classical candidate gene association studies and genome-wide approaches have fa

• br Materials and methods br

  2021-08-16

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The first DGAT1 gene was described in the mouse in 1998 [28], and a few years later DGAT2 was identified from the oleaginous fungus Mortierella ramanniana[29]. Although both of them are known as the primary enzymes for de novo TAG biosynthesis, they

• Injurious effects of cigarette smoke CS on human health

  2021-08-14

  

  Injurious effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on human health are progressively being acknowledged both in animal and human studies. CS is a highly complex mixture that contains substantive amounts of toxic oxidants, nitric oxide, organic compounds, free radicals and microbial cell components including

• Recent studies show that the expression

  2021-08-14

  

  Recent studies show that the expression and function of some ion channels such as voltage-gated potassium channels, sodium channels and calcium channels are closely related to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells [40], [41], [42]. Firstly, the expression of ion channels is chang

• The upregulation of PTGS and PTGS in

  2021-08-14

  

  The upregulation of PTGS1 and PTGS2 in late gestation in mares could be linked to the high levels of estrogens produced by the fetoplacental unit. Estrogens are thought to be effective stimulators of prostaglandin production by potentially up regulating PTGS2 expression. Although a recent publicatio

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We are grateful

  2021-08-14

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We are grateful to Amaia Lujambio, James Fagin, and Ramon Parsons for providing cell lines and Evripidis Gavathiotis for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to thank Saboor Hekmaty for providing expertise with RNA-seq analysis. P.I.P. would like to ac

• There has recently been some interest in

  2021-08-14

  

  There has recently been some interest in Uba6, which is most similar to slime mold, with BLAST identities of 59% and positives 73% in the 400–600 ADD range. The 400–600 ADD correlation of the two profiles is a striking 87%, so functional differences probably arise outside the ADD binding domain. Hu

• Our results demonstrate that pt

  2021-08-14

  

  Our results demonstrate that 17-pt-PGE2 - in addition to its described effects on EP1 and EP3 receptors - also acts as an EP4 agonist and thereby enhances vascular barrier function. Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study we demonstrate that the purported EP1/EP3 receptor ag

• Ageing is associated with increased reactive oxygen species

  2021-08-14

  

  Ageing is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative stress and oxidative damage [43,44]. Overproduction of ROS can impair endothelial function by suppressing NO synthesis and scavenging NO thereby decreasing its overall bioavailability. Moreover, sustained oxidati

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Anti

  2021-08-14

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Anti-EGFR therapy for epithelial carcinomas has important clinical significance, but widespread intrinsic or acquired resistance seriously affects efficacy. Mutation and heterodimerization of EGFR are the two main causes of resistance to anti-EGFR th

• The human MARCH family comprises eleven members termed MARCH

  2021-08-14

  

  The human MARCH family comprises eleven members (termed MARCH-1 to 11), of which nine are transmembrane proteins. In this review, we focus on the role of the membrane-spanning MARCH proteins and how their transmembrane regions can mediate interactions with their target proteins. Therefore, the cytos

• br Use of recombinant collagen to study

  2021-08-13

  

  Use of recombinant collagen to study DDR–collagen interactions Synthetic peptides have proven highly valuable in replicating the characteristics of collagen and in defining the sites on collagen essential for binding and studying protein–collagen interactions. There are, however, disadvantages to

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