• Autophagy is finalized through the

  2024-07-17

  

  Autophagy is finalized through the coordinated positioning and fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, during which an array of common and specific membrane traffic-associated proteins is mobilized. Among these proteins, small GTPases, like Rab7, Rab34, or Arl8, and their U 18666A proteins, regulat

• colorimetric assay Over the years measures of total antioxid

  2024-07-17

  

  Over the years, measures of total antioxidant status (TAS) have been developed to capture the collective effect of antioxidant defense capacity, including enzymatic and nonenzymatic systems (Fraga et al., 2014, Franco et al., 2007). Multiple antioxidant enzymes, as well as antioxidant vitamins and m

• Several strategies have been employed

  2024-07-17

  

  Several strategies have been employed to design and engineer peptide biosensors of kinase activity, which are quite different from the strategies developed to generate genetically encoded KARs. In all cases, atp gamma s induces changes in the spectral properties of the fluorophore(s) incorporated i

• Physical and chemical preservatives such as ultraviolet and

  2024-07-17

  

  Physical and chemical preservatives such as ultraviolet and ɣ-rays irradiation, sulphur and aluminium phosphide fumigation, etc, have been introduced to inhibit the growth of fungi. Nevertheless, due to the potential decomposition reactions and residues, as well as their own potential toxicity, and

• In our study we provide evidence for the existence of

  2024-07-17

  

  In our study we provide evidence for the existence of an endosome-lysosomal pathway for the proteolytic degradation of AR triggered by its interaction with the ESCRT-I component TSG101. The following findings of this study support this notion: (1) We showed that TS101 interacts with endogenous or ec

• Our observation that squalestatin caused only small differen

  2024-07-17

  

  Our observation that squalestatin caused only small differences in the production of Aβ40 and Aβ42 was in contrast to prior reports of the effects of other cholesterol synthesis inhibitors. This may be due to using squalestatin, a more specific cholesterol synthesis inhibitor that does not affect is

• br Conclusions br Material and

  2024-07-17

  

  Conclusions Material and methods Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Currently more than 30 human proteins are implicated in a range of degenerative disorders owing to their misfolding and misassembly into various aggregate structures and leading to at least 20 serious

• There are several reports providing evidences

  2024-07-17

  

  There are several reports providing evidences that functional and mechanistic connection between Sirt1 and LKB1/AMPK in metabolic regulation [26], [32], [33]. It has been reported that the deacetylation of LKB1 by Sirt1 is one of the determining factors of the subcellular localization of LKB1. In ag

• Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK

  2024-07-17

  

  Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK Ser489 in response to high insulin levels [7], [21]. HepG2 salidroside show an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK at Ser485 when incubated with either insulin or troglitazone individually (Fig. 5A and C). Despite this concurrent increase,

• L-Carnitine inner salt It remains to elucidate whether

  2024-07-17

  

  It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the cause or the consequence of changing levels of peptidergic substrates. In fact, in some cases, the expression of the enzyme does not necessarily parallel with its activity [26], [55], [57] and other factors such as a definite biochemical en

• br Introduction Diabetes mellitus DM is a chronic metabolic

  2024-07-17

  

  Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the blood. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insufficient insulin production and needs a daily administration of insulin. Actually, no prevention is known for Type 1 diabetes. Type

• br Hypoadiponectinemia in metabolic syndrome APN

  2024-07-16

  

  Hypoadiponectinemia in metabolic syndrome APN belongs structurally to the complement 1q family and is found at high concentrations (>0.01% of total protein) in the serum of healthy individuals [6]. Given the abundance of APN in plasma, it is assumed that alterations in plasma levels of APN might

• br There are three types of HT

  2024-07-16

  

  There are three types of 5-HT2 receptors. 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptors Exhibit 46–50% overall sequence identity and couple preferentially to Gq/11 to increase inositol phosphates and cytosolic [Ca2+] and in agreement with their long known role in muscle contraction and stimulation in the br

• br Introduction Adenosine deaminase ADA also known as

  2024-07-16

  

  Introduction Adenosine deaminase (ADA), also known as adenosine aminohydrolase, is a key enzyme involved in the purine metabolism that converts adenosine to inosine irreversibly (Lupidi et al., 1997). It is a zinc containing metalloenzyme present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans ADA

• Some of the studies reported elevated ADA levels

  2024-07-16

  

  Some of the studies reported elevated ADA levels in schizophrenia patients (SZ) undergoing treatment with antipsychotics (Dutra et al., 2010; Brunstein et al., 2007; Ghaleiha et al., 2011). However, it is unclear whether the increased serum ADA reported in these studies was the consequence of treatm

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